Methods for Exploring the Genetic Control of Sensory Neuron Dendrite Morphogenesis in Drosophila

INTRODUCTION

Dendrite morphological diversity helps to define the properties of neural circuits by influencing circuit organization and information processing. Dendrite development has been shown to be driven by a combination of cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. However, much remains to be discovered about the cellular and molecular mechanisms that give rise to unique yet highly stereotyped dendrite arbors of diverse neuronal types. Work in the last decade has established the Drosophila system as an excellent model for studies of dendrite morphogenesis. Work has been performed primarily in three systems: the dendritic arborization sensory neurons, the adult olfactory system, and the embryonic and larval motor system. Each of these systems offers a manageable number of neurons that are easily accessible, both optically and physically, and can be genetically manipulated to address a broad range of questions regarding dendrite development and patterning. This article provides a brief overview of the organization of these systems together with aspects of dendrite development that have been elucidated in recent years and methods for studying dendrite morphogenesis in embryonic and larval sensory neurons.