Germination medium (GM)

1X MS (Murashige and Skoog) salts

10 g sucrose

0.5 g 2-[N-morpholino]ethanesulfonic acid (MES)

KOH (1 N)

7.5 g agar, tissue-culture-grade

1 ml Gamborg’s B5 vitamins (1000X)

For 1 liter GM, mix MS salts, sucrose, and MES in H₂O. Adjust pH to 5.7 with 1 N KOH, and add the tissue-culture-grade agar. After autoclaving, cool medium to ~60ºC, and then add Gamborg’s B5 vitamins.