Table

Table 1. Properties of the most useful FP variants

Protein (acronym) Ex (nm) Em (nm) EC × 10-3 M-1 cm-1 QY Oligomeric structure Relative brightness (% of EGFP) Reference
Blue fluorescent proteins
EBFP2 383 448 32.0 0.56 Monomera 53 Ai et al. 2007
Azurite 384 450 26.2 0.55 Monomera 43 Mena et al. 2006
mTagBFP 399 456 52.0 0.63 Monomer 98 Subach et al. 2008
Cyan fluorescent proteins
ECFP 439 476 32.5 0.40 Monomera 39 Cubitt et al. 1995
Cerulean 433 475 43.0 0.62 Monomera 79 Rizzo et al. 2004
CyPat 435 477 35.0 0.51 Monomera 53 Nguyen and Daugherty 2005
mTFPI 462 492 64.0 0.85 Monomer 162 Ai et al. 2006
Green fluorescent proteins
EGFP 488 507 56.0 0.60 Monomera 100 Heim et al. 1995
Emerald 487 509 57.5 0.68 Monomera 116 Cubitt et al. 1999
Superfolder GFP 485 510 83.3 0.65 Monomera 160 Pédelacq et al. 2006
Azami Green 492 505 55.0 0.74 Monomer 121 Karasawa et al. 2003
mWasabi 493 509 70.0 0.80 Monomer 167 Ai et al. 2008b
T-Sapphire 399 511 44.0 0.60 Monomera 79 Zapata-Hommer and Griesbeck 2003
Yellow fluorescent proteins
EYFP 514 527 83.4 0.61 Monomera 151 Miyawaki et al. 1999
Topaz 514 527 94.5 0.60 Monomera 169 Tsien 1998
Venus 515 528 92.2 0.57 Monomera 156 Nagai et al. 2002
Citrine 516 529 77.0 0.76 Monomer 174 Griesbeck et al. 2001
YPet 517 530 104 0.77 Monomera 238 Nguyen and Daugherty 2005
Orange fluorescent proteins
Kusabira Orange 548 559 51.6 0.60 Monomer 92 Karasawa et al. 2004
Kusabira Orange2 551 565 63.8 0.62 Monomer 118 Sakaue-Sawano et al. 2008
mOrange2 549 565 58.0 0.60 Monomer 104 Shaner et al. 2008
tdTomato-Tandem Dimer 554 581 138.0 0.69 Pseudomonomer 283 Shaner et al. 2004
TagRFP 555 584 100.0 0.48 Monomer 142 Merzlyak et al. 2007
TagRFP-T 555 584 81.0 0.41 Monomer 99 Shaner et al. 2008
Red fluorescent proteins
mRuby 558 605 112.0 0.35 Monomer 117 Kredel et al. 2009
mApple 568 592 75.0 0.49 Monomer 109 Shaner et al. 2008
mStrawberry 574 596 90.0 0.29 Monomer 78 Shaner et al. 2004
mRFP1 584 607 50.0 0.25 Monomer 37 Campbell et al. 2002
mCherry 587 610 72.0 0.22 Monomer 47 Shaner et al. 2004
tdKeima-Tandem Dimer 440 620 28.8 0.24 Pseudomonomer 21 Kogure et al. 2008
mKate2 588 633 62.5 0.40 Monomer 74 Shcherbo et al. 2009
mPlum 590 649 41.0 0.10 Monomer 12 Wang et al. 2004
aSignifies a weak dimer.
The peak excitation (Ex) and emission (Em) wavelengths, molar extinction coefficient (EC), quantum yield (QY), relative brightness, and physiological quaternary structure are listed. The computed brightness values were derived from the product of the molar extinction coefficient and quantum yield, divided by the value for EGFP.
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  1. doi:10.1101/pdb.tab1top63 Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2009: pdb.tab1top63-
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